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Jenkins持续集成-安装

2021-05-31 10:49 1320 收藏 版权
分类专栏： Jenkins持续集成 文章标签： Jenkins持续集成

文章目录

Jenkins持续集成-安装

1.Jenkins简介

Jenkins是一个开源的软件项目，是基于java开发的一种持续集成工具，用于监控持续重复的工作，旨在提供一个开放易用的软件平台，使软件的持续集成变成可能。

  • 持续的软件版本发布/测试项目
  • 监控外部调用执行的工作

2.环境准备

2.1.Java安装

安装jenkins前确保您的电脑已经配置好JDK

JDK下载地址:https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk11-downloads-5066655.html

安装包文件上传到服务器解压 编辑/etc/profile文件添加Java环境。 配置内容参下面示例内容。

2.2.maven安装

Maven下载地址：https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/maven/maven-3/3.8.1/binaries/apache-maven-3.8.1-bin.tar.gz

安装包文件上传到服务器解压 编辑/etc/profile文件添加maven环境。

修改 /etc/profile 文件，文件末尾添加如下配置，根据个人软件包安装位置调整

# java 
#export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_221
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java/jdk-11.0.8
export JRE_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}/jre
export CLASSPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/lib:${JRE_HOME}/lib
export PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:$PATH

#maven
export MAVEN_HOME=/usr/local/java/apache-maven-3.6.1
export PATH=${MAVEN_HOME}/bin:${PATH}

保存后 source /etc/profile 使环境变量生效

2.3.git安装

# 安装
yum install -y git
# 查看版本
git version
# git version 1.8.3.1

2.4.环境验证

验证Java和maven是否安装成功

[root@VM-12-5-centos ~]# java -version
java version "11.0.8" 2020-07-14 LTS
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment 18.9 (build 11.0.8+10-LTS)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM 18.9 (build 11.0.8+10-LTS, mixed mode)
[root@VM-12-5-centos ~]# mvn -version
Apache Maven 3.6.1 (d66c9c0b3152b2e69ee9bac180bb8fcc8e6af555; 2019-04-05T03:00:29+08:00)
Maven home: /usr/local/java/apache-maven-3.6.1
Java version: 11.0.8, vendor: Oracle Corporation, runtime: /usr/local/java/jdk-11.0.8
Default locale: en_US, platform encoding: UTF-8
OS name: "linux", version: "3.10.0-1160.11.1.el7.x86_64", arch: "amd64", family: "unix"
[root@VM-12-5-centos ~]# git version
git version 2.31.1

3.Jenkins安装

下载好jenkins安装包

jenkins下载地:https://jenkins.io/

3.1.war包方式运行jenkins

Jenkins官网：https://jenkins.io/download/

3.2.yum方式安装

  • 下载依赖
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/jenkins.repo https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat-stable/jenkins.repo
  • 导入秘钥
rpm --import https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat-stable/jenkins.io.key
  • 安装
yum install jenkins

  • 查看安装目录信息
rpm -ql jenkins
  • jenkins相关目录释义：
/usr/lib/jenkins/                jenkins安装目录，war包会放在这里。
/etc/sysconfig/jenkins              jenkins配置文件，“端口”，“JENKINS_HOME”等都可以在这里配置。
/var/lib/jenkins/                 默认的JENKINS_HOME。
/var/log/jenkins/jenkins.log     jenkins日志文件。
  • 修改jenkins端口，默认使用8080可能被占用
vi /etc/sysconfig/jenkins

JENKINS_PORT=”9080”

  • 设置开机自启动
chkconfig jenkins on
  • 启动Jenkins
service jenkins start
  • 启动报错，如果启动成功忽略测问题。

查看错误日志： 

journalctl -xe

关键错误信息提示为Java路径不对，不是我们安装的路径

-- Unit jenkins.service has begun starting up.
May 31 10:20:25 VM-12-5-centos runuser[25055]: pam_unix(runuser:session): session opened for user jenkins by (uid=0)
May 31 10:20:25 VM-12-5-centos jenkins[25050]: Starting Jenkins bash: /usr/bin/java: No such file or directory
May 31 10:20:25 VM-12-5-centos runuser[25055]: pam_unix(runuser:session): session closed for user jenkins
May 31 10:20:25 VM-12-5-centos systemd[1]: jenkins.service: control process exited, code=exited status=1
May 31 10:20:25 VM-12-5-centos jenkins[25050]: [FAILED]
May 31 10:20:25 VM-12-5-centos systemd[1]: Failed to start LSB: Jenkins Automation Server.

查看我们系统安装的Java环境路径：

[root@VM-12-5-centos ~]# which java
/usr/local/java/jdk-11.0.8/bin/java
  • 修改Jenkins启动配置文件，指定java安装路径
vi /etc/init.d/jenkins

找到 candidates=”

在下面添加我们的Java环境路径，添加后效果

# Search usable Java as /usr/bin/java might not point to minimal version required by Jenkins.
# see http://www.nabble.com/guinea-pigs-wanted-----Hudson-RPM-for-RedHat-Linux-td25673707.html
candidates="
/usr/local/java/jdk-11.0.8/bin/java
/etc/alternatives/java
/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0/bin/java
/usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.8.0/bin/java
/usr/lib/jvm/java-11.0/bin/java
/usr/lib/jvm/jre-11.0/bin/java
/usr/lib/jvm/java-11-openjdk-amd64
/usr/bin/java

/usr/local/java/jdk-11.0.8/bin/java 这一行是我们添加的内容

  • 再次启动Jenkins
[root@VM-12-5-centos ~]# systemctl start jenkins
Warning: jenkins.service changed on disk. Run 'systemctl daemon-reload' to reload units.

上面启动有一个warning

  • 执行去除warning命令
systemctl daemon-reload
  • 查看jenkins运行状态
[root@VM-12-5-centos ~]# systemctl status jenkins
● jenkins.service - LSB: Jenkins Automation Server
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/jenkins; bad; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Mon 2021-05-31 10:22:49 CST; 10min ago
     Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
   CGroup: /system.slice/jenkins.service
           └─25596 /usr/local/java/jdk-11.0.8/bin/java -Dcom.sun.akuma.Daemon=daemonized -Djava.awt.headless=true -DJENKINS_HOME=/var/lib/jenkins -jar /usr/lib/jenkins/jenkins.war --logf...

May 31 10:22:48 VM-12-5-centos systemd[1]: Starting LSB: Jenkins Automation Server...
May 31 10:22:48 VM-12-5-centos runuser[25575]: pam_unix(runuser:session): session opened for user jenkins by (uid=0)
May 31 10:22:49 VM-12-5-centos systemd[1]: Started LSB: Jenkins Automation Server.
May 31 10:22:49 VM-12-5-centos jenkins[25570]: Starting Jenkins [  OK  ]
  • 浏览器访问安装界面

浏览器输入服务器IP:8080，如果有修改端口则是修改后的端口

查看管理员密码：

[root@VM-12-5-centos ~]# cat /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword
cb54efc98a0a41bb8ec751da31465730

安装推荐的插件配置即可 install suggested plugins. 插件安装过程可能比较缓慢

保存示例 默认即可 安装成功